Seismology is the study of the various vibrations that naturally occur in the earth. It is a very helpful science that helps us understand the functioning of tectonic plates, the earth’s internal structure, the causes, and origins of earthquakes, and how the earth releases energy.
Seismology is crucial in this regard because it enables researchers to better understand how the earth moves, how tectonic plates move, and what kind of damage an earthquake might cause. Seismology also contributes to our understanding of the continental slopes that can potentially trigger earthquakes.
EARTH POINT SEISOMETER- Seismographs are devices that track and record the seismic waves and vibrations produced by earthquakes using motion sensors. These tools are vital for seismic monitoring and offer crucial information for comprehending and researching a region’s seismic activity.
OCEON BOTTOM SEISOMETER- Although 70% of the planet is made up of oceans, only 1% of seismic equipment is submerged in the water. The reason is that it is costly and complex to install these systems kilometers below the surface of the sea.
Fiber optic cables as seismometers
DAS is an innovative technique for detecting earthquakes through terrestrial and underwater fiber optic cables.
Due to the micrometer-scale changes in the cable’s length that seismic waves produce, they can be felt. A light packet’s travel time to reach the far end of the cable and back (using a second fiber) varies with its length. Phase-changes are observed for these minuscule timing shifts (femtoseconds) using ultra-stable metrology-grade lasers.
An earthquake’s p-wave, which is essentially a sound wave in rock, can be detected by sending packets in both directions through a looped pair of optical fibers to identify the point of the cable that was first disturbed. The distance along the cable is indicated by the difference in the arrival times of the first pair of perturbed packets. The epicenter of the earthquake, which is supposed to be on a plane perpendicular to the cable, is also closest to this point. In perfect circumstances, the distance determined by the difference in the arrival times of the p-wave and s-wave confines the epicenter to a circle. To resolve the ambiguity of the resultant solution, a second detection on a non-parallel cable is required. More data may clarify the depth and constrain the epicenter of the earthquake’s location
Listen
The optical fiber is converted into a sensor with thousands of microphones by the interrogation unit, which makes it continuously listen to its surroundings.
Analyze
After analysing the data, the processing unit precisely localizes the information to within a few meters of the different basic events.
Report
Depending on the user’s needs, the system groups the events and only notifies them of the alarms that are relevant to them.
Seismic Activity with DAS Brochure
Download our Power Cable with DAS brochure where you will find all the details of our solution.
The VESTA solution employs distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology and allows operators to detect, locate and classify human intrusions (PID) to protected perimeters before these intrusions damage the electrical installation itself and its operation.
Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing Technology
// Patented DAS system
HDAS is a revolutionary patented DAS system developed by Aragon Photonics and the University of Alcalá de Henares “Chirped-pulse phase-OTDR” technology.
HDAS technology can be considered the highest fidelity DAS technology as it provides non-linear and quantitative response, with extremely high sensitivity and an homogeneous performance along the fiber.
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